It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Perhaps you learned these words by rote in grade school too.
In my class we spoke that last line:
"of the people, by the people, for the people." Those were the words that Lincoln varied in his repetition, we helped that variance by emphasizing them.
But I heard Walpole's Ken Burns years ago, after The Civil War came out, speak at the Peterborough Lyceum. (NHPR carried it.) Burns did not read those words that way. His ear heard Lincoln emphasize not the variable but the constant: "of the people, by the people, for the people."
I liked that. Surely Woody would have read it that way. But it seemed a bit revisionist.
Then a few years later NPR's Lost and Found Sound project came across an old recording of an interview from 1938. The old man speaking had been a nine-year-old child in 1863 and he had climbed under the reviewing stand.
He heard Lincoln speak.
The interview ends with the old man reading the address. This is the only known recording of someone who heard it. And he does not hesitate:
that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.